Let’s take a little walk through the history of the Krasnodar Territory, which I have collected on the Internet. I cannot bear responsibility for the reliability, since I am not a historian, not an anthropologist, not an ethnographer. The information was taken from the most official sources that I could find. The data vary greatly on different sites, without having the education of a historian, anthropologist or ethnographer, it is difficult to find the ends. But I hope the data on the official websites of museums are quite close to reality. In any case, it will be possible to get an idea of the essence, and if you need to look for more accurate data in third-party sources.
Let’s start the review of the history of the Kuban from the Paleolithic and go back two million years. It was then that Neanderthals appeared here and their remains were found on the territory of modern Kuban in large numbers as a result of numerous excavations and sites. For example, the Kermek site on the Taman Peninsula or several Rodniki sites found in the southern Sea of Azov or near the village of Ilsky. A lot of remains of Neanderthals and household items were found in the Mezmayskaya cave in the area of the Balka Glubokaya River.
We move to the period of the late Paleolithic, from which the remains of people of a modern look are already found. An example is the Akhshtyrskaya cave, which is located in the Adler region. This cave, by the way, acts as a recreational facility and is open to everyone.
During the Stone Age 8 — 4 thousand years BC. (Neolithic, Mesolithic, Eneolithic) rare settlements are found and valuable archaeological artifacts have been found that tell about the culture of pricked pearl ceramics.
The exposition of the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea, dedicated to the Paleolithic. The exposition of the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea, dedicated to the Paleolithic.
3300 to 2700 BC. an important era for the history of the Kuban. Several large tribes and cultures lived at that time in this territory. Such large cultures stand out in particular: Maikop culture, Novotitarovskaya culture. There is also information about the Yamnaya culture and the Catacomb culture. Some of these cultures overlap or one is part of another larger one. Only people related to history, anthropology or archeology will answer this question.
Dolmen in the village of Guzeripl Dolmen in the village of Guzeripl
From the middle of III — II millennium BC. The same Dolmennaya culture of the North-Western Caucasus, the North Caucasian culture, and a little later the Proto-Meotian culture appears.
Dolmen in the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea Dolmen in the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea
The development of iron in the North-Western Caucasus begins. And from the middle of the 7th — 5th centuries. BC e. known about the Scythians in Trans-Kuban.
Exposition of the Taman Archaeological Museum Exposition of the Taman Archaeological Museum
From the 8th century BC e. the Meotian culture of the Kuban region appears. There are written records of them. They inhabit the right bank of the Kuban. The Meots are considered the ancestors of the Circassians.
Exposition of the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea Exposition of the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea
From the 7th century BC e. Greek colonization of the Northern Black Sea region begins. Famous ancient Greek cities located on the territory of the Kuban, such as Gorgipia (Anapa), Germonassa (Taman), Phanagoria (Sennoi). Later these territories became part of the Bosporan kingdom (480 BC). The capital of the Bosporus kingdom was Panticapaeum on the territory of the present city of Kerch. Later, the kingdom became subject to Rome.
Excavations of the ancient settlement of Germonassa Excavations of the ancient settlement of Germonassa
But in the steppes of the Kuban region around the 4th century. BC e. Sarmatian nomads appear.
Then there was the invasion of the Goths, numerous migrations of peoples, the emergence of new cultures, the seizure of territories and our era. Since the article concerns only the period BC, I will put a big three dots on this …
Excavations of an ancient Greek settlement Excavations of an ancient Greek settlement
Of course, the period is huge and what an interesting passion. Information is scattered throughout the museums of the Kuban and Adygea, numerous excavations, and even many objects found by archaeologists are in the Hermitage. We will study and collect data in museums and scientific works in order to get at least a tiny idea of \u200b\u200bthis rich part of the history of our native land.
If you have something to add to this data or found inaccuracies, then be sure to write in the comments. Sometimes a tiny clue is enough to find a new layer of information. Thank you
Read also in our Zen:
12 Unique and Stunning Caves in Lago-NakiTROI WITH A CAMERA22 August Ancient of ancient. Museum in TamanITRY WITH A CAMERAFebruary 14, 2021 Waterfalls on the Kutanka River, small, but so rich in waterfallsTHREE WITH A CAMERAMarch 6, 2021 And we ended up in Tmutarakan…THREE WITH A CAMERAJuly 30